Deux cas de maladies cérébrales affectant des patients sous traitement Tysabri

Elan et Biogen ont annoncé deux cas de maladies cérébrales affectant des patients sous traitement Tysabri de la sclérose multiple. Alors que le titre du Groupe de Dublin Elan poursuit son parcours en forme de chute libre ce vendredi, la valeur Biogen plonge de 25% à 52$ sur le Nasdaq Composite. Il y a trois ans, Tysabri avait déjà été retiré du marché pour des inquiétudes sur sa sécurité, avant un retour en 2006. L'annonce de la veille jette de nouveau le doute sur le blockbuster controversé.

Le régime pour lutter contre la SEP

màj le 28/03/2010 - alimentation et slérose en plaques

Les conseils d'alimentation d'Edgar Cayce pour guérir de la SEP

Edgar Cayce indique que la sclérose en plaques provient d'un problème d'assimilation de certains micro-nutriments. Au bout d'un moment le corps n'a simplement plus les matériaux nécessaires pour construire les gaines qui entourent les nerfs, c'est le processus de démmyélinisation. Cayce nous indique quels aliments consommer pour pourvoir le corps en micro-nutriments qui lui manque le plus dans le cas de sclérose en plaques.

Il considère que c'est notamment l'or, présente naturellement en quantité infinitésimale dans certains aliments qui manque cruellement à l'organisme. Le problème est que si ces micro-nutriments sont mal absorbés, augmenter leur apport risque de na pas être suffisant puisqu'ils n'arrivent pas dans le corps d'où l'utilisation simultanée d'un autre traitement plus radical, la Wett-Cell qui utilise un autre moyen pour amener les matériaux nécessaires à l'organisme.

Autre point : éliminer les graissent animales car trop lourdes à digérer.

Mais de toute façon une correction de l'alimentation pour amener les micro-nutriments indispensables est absolument nécessaire et ceci sur le long terme pour avoir des résultats.


Voici les aliments nécessaires et ceux à éviter :

Cresson de fontaine



Cresson Florette 125 g à Monoprix : 2,70€ (07/08/2008)
Soupe bio de Cresson & lentilles : Naturalia
Disponible aussi chez Tang frères si vous êtes sur Paris 13.

Attention, l'été est la basse saison du cresson de fontaine.

Salsifis



Boite chez ATAC : 1.40€ (30/07/2008)


Céleri cru


Céleri rave rappé à Monoprix : 2,25€ (7/08/2008)
Le céleri bio en branche (photo 1) est de loin le plus agréable et sûrement efficace à consommer.


Carottes (contiennent de l'or)


Laitue (purifie le sang)

Haddock (contient de l'iode)

Fruits de mer (contient de l'iode)

Aliments	Teneur en iode en microgrammes pour 100 g
Huile de foie de morue	838
Aiglefin (appelé haddock lorsqu'il est fumé)	318
Saumon	245
Morue	143
Langoustines	130
Homard	102
Coquillages	78
Huîtres	57

Viande d'agneau

Volaille

Poisson

Formellement interdit :

Toute forme de friture

A éviter :

Le Bœuf (à consommer seulement de manière occasionnelle)

Les Féculents

Les bananes si elle n'ont pas été cueillies proche de chez vous


Conseils personnels : Compléments alimentaires

• Huile de foie de flétan (Vitamine D)
• Magnésium

Liste complète des conseils, en anglais, à traduire : Dietary Advice from the Edgar Cayce Readings

Traitement à base de cellules souches

Situé aux Caraïbes.

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Memory Loss Linked To Common Sleep Disorder

ScienceDaily (Jun. 13, 2008) — For the first time, UCLA researchers have discovered that people with sleep apnea show tissue loss in brain regions that help store memory. Reported in the June 27 edition of the journal Neuroscience Letters, the findings emphasize the importance of early detection of the disorder, which afflicts an estimated 20 million Americans.

Sleep apnea occurs when a blocked airway repeatedly halts the sleeper's breathing, resulting in loud bursts of snoring and chronic daytime fatigue. Memory loss and difficulty focusing are also common complaints. Prior studies have linked the disorder to a higher risk of stroke, heart disease and diabetes.

"Our findings demonstrate that impaired breathing during sleep can lead to a serious brain injury that disrupts memory and thinking," said principal investigator Ronald Harper, a distinguished professor of neurobiology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA.

The study focused on structures called mammillary bodies, so named because they resemble small breasts, on the underside of the brain.

The UCLA team scanned the brains of 43 sleep apnea patients, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to collect high-resolution images of the entire brain, including slices of the mammillary bodies.

The structures' small size and proximity to bone and fluid make them difficult to measure by conventional MRI. So the researchers manually traced the mammillary bodies from the high-resolution scans and calculated their volumes from the hand-drawn outlines.

When they compared the results to images of 66 control subjects matched for age and gender, the scientists discovered that the sleep apnea patients' mammillary bodies were nearly 20 percent smaller, particularly on the left side.

"The findings are important because patients suffering memory loss from other syndromes, such as alcoholism or Alzheimer disease, also show shrunken mammillary bodies," said lead author Rajesh Kumar, a UCLA assistant researcher in neurobiology.

"Physicians treat memory loss in alcoholic patients with massive amounts of thiamine, or vitamin B1," he added. "We suspect that the dose helps dying cells to recover, enabling the brain to use them again."

The scientists' next step is to determine how sleep apnea causes tissue loss in the mammillary bodies.

Harper hypothesizes that repeated drops in oxygen lead to the brain injury. During an apnea episode, the brain's blood vessels constrict, starving its tissue of oxygen and causing cellular death. The process also incites inflammation, which further damages the tissue.

"The reduced size of the mammillary bodies suggests that they've suffered a harmful event resulting in sizable cell loss," Harper said. "The fact that patients' memory problems continue despite treatment for their sleep disorder implies a long-lasting brain injury."

In a future study, Harper and Kumar will explore whether taking supplemental vitamin B1 helps restore sleep apnea patients' memory. The vitamin helps move glucose into the cells, preventing their death from oxygen starvation.

"UCLA researchers used sophisticated imaging technology to identify brain lesions associated with impaired memory in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea," said Elizabeth G. Nabel, director of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, which funded the study. "These results underscore the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing, which can have long-term effects on patients' health and well-being."

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when the muscles in the throat, soft palate and tongue relax during sleep and sag, narrowing the airway. The tongue slides to the back of the mouth, blocking the windpipe and cutting off oxygen to the lungs.

The sleeper wakes up, gasping for air, and falls back into a fitful sleep. The cycle can repeat itself hundreds of times per night.

Study co-authors included Bramley Birrer, Paul Macey, Mary Woo and Frisca Yan-Go of UCLA, and Rakesh Gupta from the Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, India.

---

Adapted from materials provided by University of California - Los Angeles, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Insomnia in parents can result in sleep problems, suicidal behavior among their offspring

WESTCHESTER, Ill. – A history of chronic insomnia in parents is not only associated with elevated risk for insomnia but also with elevated risks for use of hypnotics, psychopathology and suicidal behavior in adolescent offspring, according to a research abstract that will be presented on Thursday at SLEEP 2008, the 22nd Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies (APSS).

The study, authored by Xianchen Liu, MD, PhD, of the University of Pittsburgh, focused on 798 teenagers (450 boys and 348 girls), with an average age of 14.4 years, who completed a sleep and health questionnaire.

According to the results, compared with adolescents of parents without insomnia, participants of insomnia parents were more than twice more likely to report insomnia, daytime fatigue, and use of hypnotics. Adolescents of insomnia parents were also more likely to have depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts during the past year.

“These results suggest that a history of chronic insomnia in parents is not only associated with elevated risk for insomnia, but also with elevated risks for a wide range of mental health problems, substance use, and suicidal behavior in adolescent offspring,” said Dr. Liu. “Family sleep interventions may be important to enhance sleep quality and decrease risks for sleep disturbance, psychopathology and suicidal behavior in adolescents. Further studies are warranted to examine how and the extent to which genetic and environmental factors interact in determining sleep disturbances and psychopathology among adolescents.”

Insomnia is a classification of sleep disorders in which a person has trouble falling asleep, staying asleep or waking up too early. It is the most commonly reported sleep disorder.

It is recommended that adolescents get nine hours of nightly sleep.

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) offers the following tips on how to get a good night’s sleep:

• Follow a consistent bedtime routine.

• Establish a relaxing setting at bedtime.

• Get a full night’s sleep every night.

• Avoid foods or drinks that contain caffeine, as well as any medicine that has a stimulant, prior to bedtime.

• Do not stay up all hours of the night to “cram” for an exam, do homework, etc. If after-school activities are proving to be too time-consuming, consider cutting back on these activities.

• Keep computers and TVs out of the bedroom.

• Do not go to bed hungry, but don’t eat a big meal before bedtime either.

• Avoid any rigorous exercise within six hours of your bedtime.

• Make your bedroom quiet, dark and a little bit cool.

• Get up at the same time every morning.

Those who suspect that they might be suffering from insomnia, or another sleep disorder, are encouraged to consult with their primary care physician or a sleep specialist.

###

More information about insomnia is available from the AASM at http://www.SleepEducation.com/Disorder.aspx?id=6, and “teens and sleep”, including a new questionnaire that assesses the level of sleepiness in adolescents, at: http://www.SleepEducation.com/Topic.aspx?id=71.

The annual SLEEP meeting brings together an international body of 5,000 leading researchers and clinicians in the field of sleep medicine to present and discuss new findings and medical developments related to sleep and sleep disorders.

More than 1,000 research abstracts will be presented at the SLEEP meeting, a joint venture of the AASM and the Sleep Research Society. The three-and-a-half-day scientific meeting will bring to light new findings that enhance the understanding of the processes of sleep and aid the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders such as insomnia, narcolepsy and sleep apnea.

SleepEducation.com, a patient education Web site created by the AASM, provides information about various sleep disorders, the forms of treatment available, recent news on the topic of sleep, sleep studies that have been conducted and a listing of sleep facilities.

US launches clinic to delve into mysterious diseases

WASHINGTON (AFP) — The US National Institutes of Health has launched a new clinical research program that will try to unlock the mysteries behind diseases that baffle the medical community.

The infrastructure for the Undiagnosed Diseases Program was put in place last month and it will begin to accept patients in July, the government agency based in the Washington suburb of Bethesda, Maryland said Monday.

"A small number of patients suffer from symptoms that do not correspond to known conditions, making their care and treatment extraordinarily difficult," said NIH director Elias Zerhouni.

"However, the history of biomedical research has taught us that careful study of baffling cases can provide new insights into the mechanisms of disease -- both rare and common."

The patients will be evaluated by 25 of the institutes' senior attending physicians specialized in endocrinology, immunology, oncology, dermatology, dentistry, cardiology and genetics.

The program will be directed by William Gahl, an expert on rare genetic diseases and the clinical director at the NIH's National Human Genome Research Institute.

On the Net:

• US National Institutes of Health: http://www.nih.gov/news/health/may2008/nhgri-19.htm

When Myelin Is The Cause, Might Nicotine Be the Cure?

January 2007

The development, maintenance, and repair of myelin is the single most important factor affecting cognition and behavior, according to a UCLA neurology professor who has collected extensive data on the nerve insulator. In an article to be published in an upcoming issue of Biological Psychiatry, George Bartzokis, MD, asserts that myelin may be the universal cause or contributor to a wide range of neuropsychological brain disorders, from autism to Alzheimer’s disease. Dr. Bartzokis, who directs the UCLA Memory Disorders and Alzheimer’s Disease Clinic in Los Angeles, suggests that using noninvasive imaging technology to view the miles of myelin in the brain as it grows and breaks down throughout a human life cycle may offer insights leading to the development of new treatments for brain disorders. Nicotine, which studies have suggested enhances the growth and maintenance of myelin, could be one such novel treatment.

In some of the first research to approach brain disorders from a myelin-centered point of view, Dr. Bartzokis studied the effects of cholinergic treatments, including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) that are used to improve a neuron’s synaptic signaling in people with diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Some data suggest that such treatments may even modify or slow the progression of Alzheimer’s as well as other diseases.

Nicotine, Age, and Disease

Dr. Bartzokis hypothesizes that cholinergic stimulation at neuronal synapses affects the myelination process throughout brain development in the course of a human’s lifetime.He found in clinical trials that cholinergic treatment protects brain cells, while postmortem and imaging data have shown cholinergic receptor changes during brain development and degeneration. Trials have also revealed epidemiologic evidence that nicotine from tobacco may have a protective effect on degenerative diseases of old age and younger psychiatric populations. Cholinergic treatments have also shown efficacy in the aging process and age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, as well as some neurodegenerative diseases like autism and ADHD.

According to Dr. Bartzokis, myelination development resembles an inverted “U” over the course of a lifetime, with increasing myelin development peaking in middle age and breaking down and declining in later years. Following the analogy of the Internet, Dr. Bartzokis says the “connectivity” provided by myelination increases speed by 10-fold and decreases refractory time by 34-fold. Thus, myelination increases the “bandwidth,” or processing capacity, of our brain’s Internet by 340-fold and is “indispensable for developing our uniquely elaborate higher cognitive functions.”

Different cortical regions myelinate at different ages, with later-myelinating oligodendrocytes growing increasingly more complex as we age. Irregular development during the most complex stages of the myelination process contributes to several of the neuropsychiatric disorders that tend to manifest in the early years. These disorders—eg, autism, ADHD, schizophrenia, mood disorders, addictions—are defined by overlapping cognitive and behavioral symptom clusters.

According to Dr. Bartzokis, healthy individuals with normal myelin development typically lose 45% of their myelinated fiber length when they reach the degeneration phase in adulthood. This change in the brain may cause progressive losses of memory and cognitive functions, as well as mild to severe behavioral changes.

The loss of myelin and its components such as sulfatide, myelin basic protein, and cholesterol begins early in the development of Alzheimer’s disease, well before diagnosis of dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The myelin breakdown process is further modified by risk factors such as the presence of APOE ε4 or environmental factors such as a head trauma.

Nicotine's Effect on Myelination and Repair

Recent research has unveiled some surprising findings on the influence of nicotine on myelination and the aging process. Direct nicotinic stimulation associated with smoking has been shown to increase nicotinic receptors in the late myelinating frontal and temporal intracortical regions. Unlike most agonists, nicotine causes an up-regulation of its receptors and has been shown to accelerate brain function recovery when white matter is damaged.

Nicotine dependence is common among people with psychiatric disorders. Some researchers have suggested the high prevalence of nicotine use among the psychiatric population represents an unconscious effort to “self-medicate.” Research on proteins has suggested that nicotine may marginally increase the expression of myelin proteins; other addictive drugs (eg, cocaine, alcohol) along with developmental diseases (eg, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression) show a decrease of these proteins.

Other research has found an association between nicotinic stimulation and protective effects in schizophrenia and autism, where cortical myelination deficits have been documented. While nicotine has well-known negative effects on overall health, smoking during later years is also associated with a reduced likelihood of the development of degenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Using the myelin-centered model, the apparent beneficial aspects of smoking on brain disorders can be attributed to nicotine’s stimulation of oligodendrocyte precursors. Dr. Bartzokis believes that nicotine, delivered through a patch, not through smoking cigarettes, should be studied for its efficacy in promoting the growth and maintenance of myelin, and that AChEIs “deserve much closer scrutiny” as a therapy for the prevention of both developmental and degenerative brain disorders.

—Kathlyn Stone

Suggested Reading
Bartzokis G. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors may improve myelin integrity. Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Oct 26; [Epub ahead of print].
Bartzokis G, Lu PH, Mintz J. Quantifying age-related myelin breakdown with MRI: novel therapeutic targets for preventing cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2004;6(6 suppl):S53-S59.
Doody RS, Geldmacher DS, Gordon B, et al. Open-label, multicenter, phase 3 extension study of the safety and efficacy of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2000;58:427-433.
Morens DM, Grandinetti A, Reed D, et al. Cigarette smoking and protection from Parkinson’s disease: false association or etiologic clue? Neurology. 1995;45:1041-1051.

http://www.neuropsychiatryreviews.com/07jan/myelin.html